5. Frame semantics and its application in DH

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  1. What is the primary focus of frame semantics?
    • a) Syntax analysis
    • b) Phonetic transcription
    • c) How language is connected to human experience and understanding
    • d) Statistical language modeling
  2. Who developed the theory of frame semantics?
    • a) Noam Chomsky
    • b) Charles J. Fillmore
    • c) Ferdinand de Saussure
    • d) George Lakoff
  3. Which concept is central to understanding words in frame semantics?
    • a) Syntax rules
    • b) System of concepts
    • c) Phonological patterns
    • d) Morphological structures
  4. In frame semantics, what does a 'frame' refer to?
    • a) A grammatical rule
    • b) A conceptual structure that organizes experience
    • c) A set of phonetic sounds
    • d) A type of syntax tree
  5. How are lexical fields in frame semantics structured?
    • a) Alphabetically
    • b) Conceptually and pragmatically framed by bodily, social, and cultural experiences
    • c) By frequency of use
    • d) Randomly
  6. According to Petruck (1996), what is the aim of frame semantics?
    • a) To study phonetic patterns
    • b) To understand words by exploring the categories of experience they represent
    • c) To create new syntactic rules
    • d) To analyze sentence structure
  7. What role do frames play in semantic studies?
    • a) They define grammatical rules
    • b) They predict linguistic arguments and organize experience
    • c) They arrange words alphabetically
    • d) They focus on sound patterns
  8. Which of the following best describes the term "semantic frames"?
    • a) Rules for syntax
    • b) Phonetic transcriptions
    • c) Conceptual structures grounded in our experiences
    • d) Grammatical exceptions
  9. What does a "frame element" in frame semantics represent?
    • a) A phonetic sound
    • b) The roles or participants associated with a particular frame
    • c) A syntactic rule
    • d) A morphological pattern
  10. What is a "lexical unit" in the context of frame semantics?
    • a) A phoneme
    • b) A syntactic structure
    • c) A word or phrase that evokes specific frames
    • d) A morphological unit
  11. What example is given to illustrate a semantic frame in the document?
    • a) Apply _heat frame with roles like Cook, Food, and Heating Instrument
    • b) Syntactic tree with nouns and verbs
    • c) Phonetic transcription of a word
    • d) Grammatical rules for past tense
  12. What is the significance of the "Apply _heat" frame?
    • a) It shows the rules for syntax
    • b) It describes a situation involving cooking and its participants
    • c) It transcribes the sound of words
    • d) It organizes words alphabetically
  13. In frame semantics, what typically serves as the frame-evoking lexical unit?
    • a) Noun
    • b) Verb
    • c) Adjective
    • d) Adverb
  14. What does "Construction Grammar" focus on in relation to frame semantics?
    • a) Phonetic rules
    • b) Understanding the structure and organization of language
    • c) Sentence punctuation
    • d) Word frequency
  15. Who are the pioneers of Construction Grammar mentioned in the document?
    • a) Noam Chomsky and George Lakoff
    • b) Charles J. Fillmore and Paul Kay
    • c) Ferdinand de Saussure and Edward Sapir
    • d) Leonard Bloomfield and Roman Jakobson
  16. What does "Constructional Approach" in Construction Grammar involve?
    • a) Creating phonetic transcriptions
    • b) Organizing language around form-meaning pairings
    • c) Developing new alphabets
    • d) Analyzing sentence length
  17. Which type of constructions does Construction Grammar recognize as important?
    • a) Syntactic and semantic constructions
    • b) Phonetic and morphological constructions
    • c) Grammatical and phonological constructions
    • d) Lexical and punctuation constructions
  18. What is meant by "Constructional Polysemy"?
    • a) A single meaning for each construction
    • b) Constructions having multiple related meanings or functions
    • c) Different pronunciations for the same word
    • d) Identical meanings in all contexts
  19. How does Construction Grammar differ from earlier generative grammatical frameworks?
    • a) It allows for greater flexibility and productivity in language use
    • b) It focuses only on syntax
    • c) It rejects all forms of linguistic creativity
    • d) It emphasizes strict grammatical rules
  20. What is a "Constructional Network"?
    • a) A set of phonetic symbols
    • b) A grammatical tree
    • c) A network of interconnected constructions in language
    • d) A list of words
  21. Which concept helps explain why different languages find common semantic-pragmatic equivalents?
    • a) Phonetic transcription
    • b) Frame system
    • c) Syntax tree
    • d) Morphological rules
  22. How are frames related to narratives in semantic studies?
    • a) They are unrelated
    • b) They are embedded in wider narratives and react to the discursive environment
    • c) They replace narratives
    • d) They summarize narratives
  23. What does the "center-periphery structure" in frames refer to?
    • a) A grammatical rule
    • b) A differentiated structure within frames
    • c) A phonetic pattern
    • d) A type of syntax
  24. What does the term "frame-evoking word" refer to?
    • a) A word that breaks grammar rules
    • b) A word that triggers a specific frame in the listener's mind
    • c) A word that is difficult to pronounce
    • d) A word that is rarely used
  25. In the Apply _heat frame, what role does the "Cook" represent?
    • a) The food being cooked
    • b) The person doing the cooking
    • c) The utensil used in cooking
    • d) The type of heat applied
  26. Which linguistic theory is closely related to Frame Semantics according to the document?
    • a) Construction Grammar
    • b) Phonology
    • c) Morphology
    • d) Syntax
  27. What do syntactic constructions in Construction Grammar represent?
    • a) Only phonetic patterns
    • b) Pairings of form and function
    • c) Collections of unrelated words
    • d) Errors in sentence structure
  28. What does the term "semantic constructions" in Construction Grammar emphasize?
    • a) Only syntax
    • b) Phonetic variations
    • c) Meaning beyond syntax
    • d) Grammatical exceptions
  29. What is the primary focus of Construction Grammar?
    • a) Understanding how language is organized around constructions
    • b) Analyzing sound patterns
    • c) Creating new alphabets
    • d) Studying word frequency
  30. What is the role of "frame elements" in frame semantics?
    • a) They represent phonetic sounds
    • b) They are unrelated words
    • c) They represent the participants associated with a particular frame
    • d) They are punctuation marks
  31. Which concept describes how frames are connected to cultural and social practices?
    • a) Semantic fields
    • b) Syntax rules
    • c) Phonological patterns
    • d) Grammatical exceptions
  32. How do frame elements relate to lexical units in a frame?
    • a) They are always the same
    • b) They are unrelated
    • c) They represent the roles filled by entities mentioned in a sentence
    • d) They are used interchangeably
  33. What does "Constructional Productivity" refer to in Construction Grammar?
    • a) The ability to creatively combine and modify constructions
    • b) The rigidity of grammar rules
    • c) The strict adherence to syntax
    • d) The exclusion of semantic elements
  34. Which term describes the interconnectedness of constructions in a language network?
    • a) Phonetic tree
    • b) Grammatical chain
    • c) Constructional Network
    • d) Morphological sequence
  35. How do Constructional Networks help in understanding language?
    • a) They capture the relationships between different constructions
    • b) They list words alphabetically
    • c) They analyze sound patterns
    • d) They create new syntax rules
  36. What is the significance of "Constructional Schemas"?
    • a) They define phonetic rules
    • b) They list grammar exceptions
    • c) They serve as abstract templates for multiple specific constructions
    • d) They organize words alphabetically
  37. In frame semantics, what does understanding one concept within a frame require?
    • a) Understanding its phonetic transcription
    • b) Memorizing the entire dictionary
    • c) Understanding the entire system of related concepts
    • d) Ignoring the context
  38. What is the role of "roles frame elements" in a frame?
    • a) They provide grammatical rules
    • b) They are unrelated words
    • c) They define the participants in the scenario described by the frame
    • d) They replace punctuation marks
  39. What is an example of a frame-evoking lexical unit in the "Apply _heat" frame?
    • a) Eat
    • b) Run
    • c) Boil
    • d) Walk
  40. What is the primary benefit of using frame semantics in linguistic analysis?
    • a) It connects language to human experience and understanding
    • b) It simplifies sentence structure
    • c) It eliminates grammatical rules
    • d) It focuses on phonetic transcription
  41. What is a key difference between Frame Semantics and traditional semantic theories?
    • a) Frame Semantics ignores context
    • b) Frame Semantics emphasizes the connection between language and experience
    • c) Frame Semantics only analyzes syntax
    • d) Frame Semantics avoids categorization
  42. What does "Flexible Productivity" in Construction Grammar allow for?
    • a) Creative language use and extension of constructions
    • b) Rigid application of rules
    • c) Uniform sentence structure
    • d) Avoidance of semantic analysis
  43. How are frame elements identified in a sentence?
    • a) As participants associated with the frame-evoking lexical unit
    • b) As punctuation marks
    • c) As unrelated words
    • d) As phonetic transcriptions
  44. What does the theory of Frame Semantics aim to uncover?
    • a) The number of words in a language
    • b) The reasons a speech community categorizes experiences in particular ways
    • c) The most frequent words in a text
    • d) The syntax of sentences
  45. How are semantic frames useful in multilingual contexts?
    • a) They help find common denominators between expressions in different languages
    • b) They translate words directly
    • c) They ignore cultural context
    • d) They create new grammar rules
  46. What role does "Constructional Polysemy" play in language use?
    • a) It allows constructions to have multiple related meanings
    • b) It limits constructions to one meaning
    • c) It simplifies syntax rules
    • d) It focuses on phonetic variation
  47. What does "Constructional Flexibility" in language refer to?
    • a) The ability to combine and modify constructions creatively
    • b) The rigidity of language rules
    • c) The uniformity of sentence structure
    • d) The restriction of language to fixed forms
  48. Which of the following is an example of a "frame-evoking" lexical unit?
    • a) Table
    • b) Drive
    • c) Sky
    • d) Tall
  49. In what way is Frame Semantics applied in Digital Humanities?
    • a) By ignoring cultural context
    • b) By analyzing how language reflects human experiences and organizing information accordingly
    • c) By focusing solely on word frequency
    • d) By simplifying sentence structure
  50. What is the relationship between frames and frame elements?
    • a) They are unrelated
    • b) Frame elements fill the roles defined by the frame
    • c) Frames are simpler than frame elements
    • d) Frame elements are more abstract than frames